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The Delightful Dish: Eggplant Parmesan

Eggplant Parmesan, or Melanzane alla Parmigiana as it is known in Italy, is a quintessential dish that showcases the versatility and rich flavour of eggplant. Though it has its origins in Southern Italy, this comforting casserole has made a significant impact on the dining tables of British households, frequently appearing as a vegetarian alternative to traditional meat-based dishes. This article explores the history, preparation, and variations of this delicious dish.

A Brief History

The exact origins of Eggplant Parmesan are a topic of debate among food historians. Some suggest that it hails from the Campania region, particularly Naples, where eggplant was first cultivated. Others argue for its roots in Sicily, where, due to its abundant produce, various interpretations emerged. The name ‘Parmesan’ likely refers to the cheese component, Parmigiano-Reggiano, which adds a distinct savoury quality to the dish.

Traditionally, the recipe comprises layers of sliced, breaded, and fried eggplant, alternated with rich tomato sauce and generous helpings of cheese, often mozzarella and grated Parmigiano-Reggiano. The dish is then baked to perfection, resulting in a bubbling, golden crust that is as enticing to the eye as it is to the palate.

Preparing Eggplant Parmesan

Making Eggplant Parmesan may seem labour-intensive, but the process can be enjoyable and rewarding. The following is a straightforward recipe to guide you through:

Ingredients:

• 2 medium-sized eggplants
• Salt
• Olive oil
• 400g of passata or canned tomatoes
• 2 cloves of garlic, minced
• Fresh basil leaves
• 200g of mozzarella cheese, sliced
• 100g of grated Parmigiano-Reggiano
• Breadcrumbs (optional)
• Black pepper to taste

Method:

1. Prepare the Eggplant: Begin by slicing the eggplants into approximately 1cm thick rounds. Sprinkle a generous amount of salt on both sides and leave them to drain in a colander for about 30 minutes. This process, known as ‘sweating’, helps to remove excess moisture and any bitterness.

2. Make the Sauce: In a saucepan, heat a drizzle of olive oil and sauté the minced garlic until fragrant. Add the passata or canned tomatoes along with a handful of basil leaves. Season with salt and black pepper and let it simmer for 15–20 minutes, allowing the flavours to meld.

3. Cook the Eggplant: Rinse the salted eggplant slices under cool water, pat them dry with a kitchen towel, and then lightly brush with olive oil. You can either fry them in a pan until golden brown, grill them, or roast them in the oven for a healthier option.

4. Layer the Dish: Preheat your oven to 180°C (350°F). In a baking dish, start layering the ingredients: a layer of tomato sauce, then a layer of eggplant, followed by slices of mozzarella and a sprinkle of Parmigiano-Reggiano. Repeat the process, finishing with a layer of sauce and a generous topping of cheese.

5. Bake: Cover the dish with foil and bake for about 30 minutes. Then, remove the foil and bake for an additional 15-20 minutes, or until the top is bubbling and golden brown.

6. Serve: Let the Eggplant Parmesan sit for a few minutes before slicing. Serve it warm, garnished with fresh basil.

Variations and Serving Suggestions

While the classic Eggplant Parmesan is beloved, there are many delightful variations. For a twist, consider adding layers of sautéed spinach or roasted red peppers, or even incorporating different cheeses, such as goat cheese or ricotta, for a creamy element. For those inclined towards spiciness, a hint of red pepper flakes can elevate the dish.

Eggplant Parmesan can be served as a hearty main course alongside a simple green salad and crusty bread, or as a side dish complementing grilled meats. Its flavours often improve with time, making it an excellent option for meal prep or serving at gatherings since it can be made ahead and reheated.

Conclusion

Eggplant Parmesan embodies the essence of Italian cuisine: simple, fresh ingredients crafted into a satisfying dish that warms the heart. With its tender layers and rich flavours, this dish has rightly earned its place in kitchens around the world, transforming eggplant from a humble vegetable into a star of the table. Whether you’re enjoying it with family on a Sunday evening or serving it at a dinner party, Eggplant Parmesan is sure to impress and delight all who partake.